What Are The Main Causes Of Water Scarcity ?

Water scarcity occurs due to both natural and man-made causes, namely that there is not enough water to meet the needs of the region. Some of the factors contributing to water scarcity are climate change, excessive water use and increased pollution. A combination of natural and man-made causes such as climate change, environmental degradation, poor urban planning, lack of maintenance of existing infrastructure, corruption and poor water management have contributed to the water crisis. At present, water pollution is a serious problem because it is one of the main factors of water shortage.
Human activity is the main cause of water scarcity due to the use of climate-changing fossil fuels and meteorological activity, as well as the rapid growth of the world’s population consuming more water. Human activities are major contributors due to overuse of water, pollution and impact on underground aquifers.
The resulting overuse of water associated with water scarcity, often in irrigated agricultural areas, damages the environment in several ways, including increased salinity, nutrient pollution, and loss of floodplains and wetlands. Unwanted use of fertilizers and other harmful substances can cause groundwater pollution, which ultimately leads to water scarcity. The main causes of water pollution are rapid urbanization, increased agricultural activities, the use of fertilizers and pesticides, soil degradation and deforestation, and lack of proper wastewater treatment and disposal.
The main causes of water pollution are pesticides and fertilizers seeping from water supplies from nearby farms, as well as human and industrial waste. Sources of water pollution include pesticides and fertilizers washed off farms, industrial and human waste dumped directly into rivers without being treated in a wastewater treatment plant. Any industrial waste or feces dumped into rivers or oceans without proper treatment will pollute the water. The consumption deficit is mainly caused by the extensive use of water in agriculture/livestock and industry.
Economic water scarcity is caused by a lack of investment in infrastructure or technology to abstract water from rivers, aquifers, or other water sources, or by insufficient human capacity to meet water demand.
Swami Sukhabodhananda

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