The Jal Shakti Ministry’s revised target to achieve full rural tap water coverage and sanitation by 2025 underscores both the scale of India’s progress and the challenges that remain. The ambitious Jal Jeevan Mission and Swachh Bharat Mission-Gramin have brought transformative changes to rural India, providing access to clean water and sanitation. Currently, 15.37 crore rural households out of 19.36 crore have been equipped with tap water connections under JJM, leaving around four crore households yet to benefit. While 11 States and Union Territories boast 100% rural tap water coverage, larger and more populous states like Rajasthan, Jharkhand, Kerala, and West Bengal lag behind, with less than 60% coverage. Bridging this gap requires meticulous coordination, resource allocation, and robust implementation mechanisms.
The sanitation story is equally commendable, with 95% of India’s villages now declared Open Defecation Free. This milestone proves the holistic approach of SBM-G, which goes beyond toilet construction to include solid and liquid waste management. Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, and Maharashtra have set benchmarks in achieving these standards, with Madhya Pradesh’s 49,000 “model” villages offering a roadmap for others. Yet, the remaining 5% of villages require targeted interventions to ensure no one is left behind in this sanitation revolution.
Ecological restoration under the Namami Gange Programme adds another layer to the Ministry’s 2025 vision. The wetland conservation and afforestation efforts, signal a commendable commitment to restoring India’s riverine ecosystems. These ecological initiatives have also improved water quality, reinforcing the broader goals of JJM. India’s experience demonstrates that addressing basic needs like water and sanitation can catalyze social and economic transformation. However, the challenge lies in ensuring equitable access and sustainability. The next two years must focus on addressing regional disparities, strengthening grassroots participation, and leveraging technology to monitor progress. The Jal Shakti Ministry’s 2025 goals are not just about numbers; they represent a vision of healthier, empowered rural communities. Achieving these targets will require collective action and unwavering resolve, but the benefits will resonate for the coming generations.
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