The announcement by Union Minister Nitin Gadkari regarding the Government’s initiative to implement a uniform toll policy is a significant step toward addressing the long-standing grievances of highway users in the country. Over the past decade, India has made remarkable progress in expanding and upgrading its highway infrastructure, with the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways setting ambitious targets. However, rising toll charges and inconsistencies in toll collection have often led to widespread discontent among commuters. A streamlined, transparent, and equitable tolling mechanism will not only enhance user satisfaction but also contribute to the overall efficiency of India’s road network. Currently, toll charges on national highways vary based on factors such as the type of road, concession agreements, and vehicle category. This lack of uniformity often leads to confusion and frustration among highway users. A standardised policy will ensure that toll rates are predictable and fair, reducing the arbitrary cost burden on commuters and transporters.
One of the primary concerns of highway users is the increasing toll charges, which have surged dramatically in the last decade. In 2023-24 alone, toll collection in India reached Rs 64,809.86 crore, marking a 35% increase from the previous year. This rapid rise in toll fees, coupled with inconsistencies in road quality and service delivery, has fuelled dissatisfaction among travellers. Many commuters feel they are not receiving value for the amount they pay, especially when roads remain riddled with potholes, lack proper lighting, or face maintenance delays. A uniform toll policy should aim to bridge this gap by linking toll rates to road quality and service levels.
A notable aspect of the Government’s plan is the introduction of a barrier-less Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)-based toll collection system. If successfully implemented, this technology will revolutionise tolling by eliminating the need for physical toll plazas, thereby reducing congestion and travel time. Countries like Germany and Russia have already adopted GNSS-based tolling systems with great success, and India’s move in this direction is commendable. However, the transition to a fully digital toll collection mechanism will require significant investment in infrastructure and robust regulatory oversight to prevent potential misuse or technical glitches. Additionally, while private cars constitute about 60% of highway traffic, their contribution to toll revenue is relatively low at 20-26%. A more balanced tolling system could help distribute the cost burden more equitably among all highway users.
The Road Transport Ministry’s acknowledgement of commuter complaints on social media and its proactive stance in taking action against errant contractors is a welcome move. Transparency and accountability in toll collection must be prioritised to build public trust. The Government should consider setting up an independent regulatory authority to oversee toll operations, ensure compliance with service standards, and address grievances effectively. Another pressing issue is the rise in the number of toll plazas, which has significantly increased the financial burden on frequent travellers. The Government should explore alternatives such as long-term toll passes, dynamic pricing models, or discounts for regular commuters to make highway travel more cost-effective. Additionally, periodic reviews of toll charges based on road conditions and maintenance standards should be mandated to ensure that users are charged fairly.
Despite concerns over toll charges, India’s highway development efforts under the present Government have been commendable. The country achieved a record highway construction pace of 37 km per day in the financial year 2020-21, with a total of 13,435.4 km constructed that year. This aggressive expansion is crucial for economic growth, as efficient road networks reduce logistics costs, improve connectivity, and facilitate trade and commerce. However, the slowdown in the awarding of new highway projects is a cause for concern. Delays in approvals can lead to cost overruns, logistical inefficiencies, and lost economic opportunities. The Government must expedite the decision-making process to keep up the momentum of infrastructure development. A world-class highway infrastructure that benefits both the economy and the common citizen is the need of the hour.
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