Dr Vikas Sharma, Komal Sudan
Galgal fruit is employed in traditional ceremonies and is a sign of fortune in some Himalayan festivities. Himalayan lemon has multifaceted domains of treatment, juice is widely used to treat digestion problems, being rich in vitamin C provides body protection against diseases, reducing the incidences of cardiovascular diseases. The juice and zest enhance the flavour of traditional chutneys, pickles and beverages, the dried peel of Galgal is used as natural air freshner due to its fragrant smell and the pulp paste is used externally in managing skin related diseases.
Nestled in the serene Himalayas region, Himalayan lemon, also known as Citrus pseudolimon, Citrus jambhiri, hill lemon, rough lemon and locally called as Galgal, belongs to family Rutaceae, is a citrus species found in a wild condition in the Northwest Indian Hill States and is native to Jammu and Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, hilly regions of Nepal. The fruit is one of the earliest citrus species of the world from which other varieties were developed by natural or artificial hybridization processes. Galgal is indigenous to India, cultivated to a limited extend and have been valued as a source of nutrition. Large fragrant bright yellow lemons are commonly used in Indian curries, pickles, traditional medicines. The article explores health incentives, culinary / versatile uses, side effects and precautions.
Citrus fruits / products are the best source of vitamins, minerals and dietary fibres that are required in the human body for the development of an individual and for leading a normal healthy life. They possess many phytochemicals, that play a major role in decreasing the probability of many chronic diseases, have bioactive attributes to human health which may include antiviral, cholesterol lowering, anticancer and antimalaria attributes. Due to their high ascorbic acid content, they act as antioxidants that help the immune system. Citrus fruits contain the highest potential flavonoids and belong to the richest flavonoid food sources among diets including hesperidin, hesperetine, naringin, naringenine, diosmine, quercetine, rutine, nobiletine and tangeretine. Therefore, this oversized lemon finds its roots in the majestic Himalayan mountains, where the air is pure, the soil is rich, the cool climate and goodness of the surroundings contribute to the unique qualities of this lemon variety. Grown in the terraced orchards of the Himalayan region, the nutrient-rich soil imparts a distinctive taste and aroma to galgal, making it stand out among its citrus counterparts.
Fortifies Immune System: One of the key health benefits of Himalayan lemon is its high vitamin C content., which is known for its immune-boosting properties, helping the body fight off infections and illnesses, including Himalayan lemon in the diet can be a natural way to aid your immune system.
Aids Digestion: The acidity of Himalayan lemon promotes healthy digestion. It can stimulate the production of digestive juices, aiding in the breakdown of food.
Helps Detoxification: Himalayan lemons are an excellent source of hydration, their high water content, combined with detoxifying properties, helps flush out toxins from the body. This makes them a valuable addition to a detox or cleansing regimen.
Bolsters Skin Health: The antioxidants present in Himalayan lemons contribute to healthier skin. Regular consumption can help combat free radicals, reducing the signs of ageing and promoting a radiant complexion. Additionally, applying lemon juice externally can aid in treating skin-related issues.
Helps To Manage Weight: The fiber content in galgal can contribute to a feeling of fullness, potentially assisting in weight management. Moreover, their low-calorie nature makes them a guilt-free snack or flavor enhancer for meals.
Culinary / Versatile Uses: Himalayan lemons add a burst of flavour to various culinary delights. From enhancing the taste of salads and marinades to being a key ingredient in refreshing beverages, these lemons are a kitchen essential in mountain regions. The zest and juice can elevate both sweet and savoury dishes. Owing to the distinct flavour of Himalayan Lemons, any beverage can get a dash of flavour. Galgal-infused tea can be a refreshing and health-boosting drink option. In the Himalayan region, lemons are often used in the preparation of traditional pickles. The natural preservative property of Himalayan lemon makes it an ideal choice for preserving fruits and vegetables. Beyond the kitchen, Himalayan Lemons have a place in beauty regimens. The juice can be used as a natural hair conditioner or a powerful face mask ingredient.
Side Effects And Precautions: While these lemons offer numerous health benefits, it is essential to be mindful of the following potential side effects and take necessary precautions:
* The acidity of lemons, including Himalayan Lemons, may impact dental health. To minimize potential damage to tooth enamel, it is advisable to rinse your mouth with water after consuming lemon juice.
* Some individuals may experience skin sensitivity when applying lemon juice topically. It’s advisable to perform a patch test before using lemon juice extensively on the skin.
* Individuals with a history of acid reflux or gastrointestinal issues should consume Himalayan Lemons in moderation, as the acidity may exacerbate these conditions.
Despite its many benefits, the hill lemon is still not properly used as compared to other citrus fruits. Measures are being taken to increase the awareness of its usage in nutrition and possible uses in food service as well as pharmaceutical industries.There is a potential to increase the fruit’s recognition both domestically and globally by investigating creative applications and encouraging its cultivation.
(The authors are from the Division of Biochemistry, FBSc., SKUAST-Jammu)
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