Amullaya Gupta
India, with its vast cultural diversity, is home to several unique traditions that reflect its rich history and the unique character of its people. One such tradition that stands out in the border district of Rajouri, located in Jammu and Kashmir, is the Bhairo Dev Jhanki that holds particular significance for the Pahari tribe of Rajouri. This tradition, practiced since time immemorial, has evolved into a vital part of the Rajouri’s cultural and spiritual identity, deeply cherished and celebrated each year to mark the celebration of Holi.
Bhairo Dev Jhanki: A Unique Tradition of Pahari Tribe
The Bhairo Dev Jhanki is a traditional ritualistic procession organised by people of Pahari Tribe in Rajouri district of Jammu and Kashmir. It is widely believed that during the festival of Holi, members of the Pahari Tribe who are working or studying in other parts of the country return to Rajouri, driven by the religious zeal to seek the blessings of Bhairo Baba. Their return is not only a joyous reunion with family and friends but also a sacred visit to seek the blessings of Bhairo Baba. This cherished tradition has evolved into a meaningful ritual, one that reflects the tribe’s profound reverence for their spiritual heritage and the sacred bond they share with their ancestral land. The Bhairo Baba Jhanki during Holi has become an integral part of lives of Pahari Tribe people and one of the cherished characteristic of their unique identity.
Origins of the Bhairon Bawa Jhanki
The origins of the Bhairo Dev Jhanki are shrouded in the mists of time, with its true beginning impossible to pinpoint. Elders in the region recall witnessing this sacred procession since their childhood, passing down the tradition through generations. The story behind the Bhairo Dev Jhanki is connected with the history of a devastating famine that once ravaged the border district of Rajouri, causing immense hardship for its people. According to local stories, a saintly spiritual figure appeared before the people during the famine. He told them to organize the Bhairo Dev Jhanki every year on the eve of Holi, seeking the divine blessings of Bhairo Dev to end their struggle and usher in a time of prosperity. Since that moment, the Jhanki has become a cherished annual event, celebrated with devotion in Rajouri City and Jawhar Nagar to celebrate Holi. It is believed that the procession not only honors Bhairo Dev but also symbolizes the area’s connection to divine grace and the hope for continued prosperity.
Over the years, it has evolved into an important cultural event, marking the start of the seven-day-long Holi celebrations in the region.
The Tradition and Rituals
The Bhairo Bawa Jhanki is considered a powerful ritual, with the presence of Bhairo Dev(Bhairav Nath) being a symbol of prosperity, blessings, and protection. The tradition involves a procession through the town, where people from all walks of life actively participate. A central figure in this procession is Bhairo Bawa, who is believed to bring good fortune to those who encounter him. It is a common belief that anyone who receives a pat from Bhairo Dev during the Jhanki is considered particularly lucky.
The attire of Bhairo Dev is a powerful fusion of tradition and mysticism. His body is covered in Bharo color (black), symbolizing strength, spiritual connection, and protection. On his head, he wears a Kada and Paranda, a traditional hair ornament, which complements his long, flowing hair, adding an aura of untamed vitality and divine connection.
In his hand, he carries a chimta, an iron rod that symbolizes the ability to ward off evil. This striking combination of Bharo body paint, the Paranda along with Kada that is long hair, and the chimta creates an imposing, spiritual figure, embodying both earthly power and mystical authority.
During the procession, hundreds of youths can be seen dancing in joyous celebration, accompanied by religious songs and traditional music. The celebration is marked by a vibrant display of colors and energy, much like the festivities of Holi. Women, too, take part in the celebrations, often enjoying the procession from the rooftops of their homes and shops, offering prayers and witnessing the spectacle.
A Symbol of Unity
What makes the Bhairo Dev Jhanki especially significant is its role in fostering unity between different communities. Rajouri, an area where both Hindus and Muslims coexist, sees a harmonious blend of religious and cultural practices during the event. Muslims, along with Hindus, participate in the Bhairo Dev Jhanki, underscoring the spirit of communal harmony. This unity during the Holi celebrations is a reminder of the shared values of peace, prosperity, and brotherhood that bind the people together.
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